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Lesson
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🌊🛶 Ko tōku Awa, Ko tōku Waka
Extending pepeha with river and ancestral canoe connections
📚 Ngā Whāinga Ako — Learning Intentions
WALT:
- Identify a river (awa) that connects to us or our area
- Research our ancestral waka (if applicable)
- Say "Ko [Awa] tōku awa" and "Ko [Waka] tōku waka" correctly
- Understand singular (tōku) vs plural (ōku) forms
WILF:
- Students can add awa and waka lines to their pepeha
- Students pronounce new vocabulary correctly
📋 Lesson Flow (60 mins)
🌅 Recap & Warm-up (10 mins)
Maunga Mahi Tahi: Students share their maunga line with a NEW partner.
Quick review: Call on 3-4 volunteers to share their maunga sentence with the class.
Today's preview: "Today we're adding TWO more lines — our awa (river) and waka (ancestral canoe)!"
🌊 Focus 1: Ko tōku Awa (15 mins)
Ko [Awa] tōku awa.
Pronunciation:
- awa = "ah-wah" (river, stream)
Discussion:
- Rivers are the lifeblood of the land — te awa = the veins of Papatūānuku
- Many iwi have special relationships with their awa (e.g., Whanganui River has legal personhood)
Activity: Find Your Awa
- Using a map, find rivers near where you live or where your family is from
- Choose your awa and write: "Ko ______ tōku awa."
- Practice with a partner
📝 Major NZ Rivers: Waikato, Whanganui, Manawatū, Clutha (Mata-Au), Rangitīkei,
Waimakariri, Waitaki, Mokau, Waipā, Wairoa
🛶 Focus 2: Ko tōku Waka (15 mins)
Ko [Waka] tōku waka.
Background:
Māori ancestors voyaged to Aotearoa on great oceanic waka (canoes) from Hawaiki. Each iwi traces back to a specific waka.
The Main Ancestral Waka:
Tainui
Te
Arawa
Mataatua
Takitimu
Horouta
Kurahaupō
Aotea
Tokomaru
Activity: Research Your Waka
- If you know your iwi, research which waka your iwi descends from
- Ask your whānau — they may know!
- If unsure, you can skip this line or say a waka connected to your area
📝 Grammar Focus: Tōku vs Ōku (10 mins)
Key distinction:
| tōku | my (ONE thing) | Ko Waikato tōku awa. |
| ōku | my (MORE THAN ONE) | Ko Waikato rāua ko Waipā ōku awa. |
Example: If you have TWO significant rivers, you use "ōku" (plural).
🎤 Oral Practice (10 mins)
Build your pepeha so far:
- Stand and face a partner
- Say your THREE lines so far:
- Ko [Maunga] tōku maunga.
- Ko [Awa] tōku awa.
- Ko [Waka] tōku waka.
- Partner responds: "Tēnā koe!" then shares theirs
- Find a NEW partner and repeat
📎 Ngā Rauemi — Resources
⚡ Rerekētanga — Differentiation
🔹 Support:
- Provide a waka-to-iwi reference chart
- Students can use local rivers if unsure of ancestral ones
- Record audio of teacher saying each line
🔸 Extension:
- Research the journey of your waka from Hawaiki
- Find a pūrākau (story) about your awa
- Practice using "ōku" for multiple rivers/waka
👩🏫 Teacher Notes
- Waka can be sensitive — some students may not know their iwi or waka. Reassure them that using the waka connected to their region is appropriate.
- The Whanganui River (Te Awa Tupua) was granted legal personhood in 2017 — great discussion point on Māori connection to awa.
- Emphasize that pepeha is personal — there's no "wrong" choice as long as it's meaningful to the student.