Make-10 Treat Packs

Progression 1 (Years 1–2) Number | Using make-10/20 strategies for fluent addition in zoo and conservation contexts.

Duration: 60 mins Strand: Number Context: Lemur & kākāriki treat packs; kƍwhai seed trays Representations: Tens frames, bridges to 10, number line

Learning Intentions & Success Criteria

Te Mātaiaho: quantify, order, compare small collections NZC L1–2: additive strategies to 20 Key idea: make 10, then add on

Ākonga are learning to:

  • Use 10 as a benchmark for addition.
  • Split numbers to bridge to 10 (e.g., 8 + 5 → 8 + 2 + 3).
  • Represent the same total on tens frames and number lines.

Success looks like:

  • I can show two numbers that make 10 and explain why.
  • I can solve to 20 using a make-10 split instead of counting all.
  • I can draw my hops to 10 then to the total.

Teacher prompts

  • “How many to make 10?”
  • “Split the second number to fill the ten.”
  • “Show it on the frame and the line.”

Kupu / Vocabulary

  • make 10 / hanga tekau
  • bridge
  • split / wawe
  • total / tapeke
  • tens frame / anga tekau
  • complement / tau whakaoti

Materials

Lesson Flow

Hook (5 mins)

  • Show 8 treats packed; we need 2 more to reach 10 for lemurs. Quick: what pairs reach 10?

Teach/Model (10–12 mins)

  • Flash 10-frame pairs; chorally name complements (4↔6, 7↔3, 9↔1, 5↔5).
  • Model 8 + 5: move 2 to make 10, then add 3; draw hops (8→10→13).
  • Connect to conservation: 6 kƍwhai seedlings planted, add 7; show bridge to 10 then to 13.

Guided Practice (15 mins)

  • Station A: 10-frame flips—show a pair, learners state the complement and write the equation.
  • Station B: Bridge cards—equations to 20; learners draw hops to 10 then to total.
  • Station C: Pack builder—take two number cards, arrange to make-10 first, record both forms (e.g., 9+4 and 10+3).

Independent/Extension (10–12 mins)

  • Solve 6 problems to 20 using make-10; highlight the split used.
  • Extension: to 30 using make-10 then make-20 (e.g., 18 + 7 → 18 + 2 + 5).
  • Support: limit to 0–12; provide frames and pre-drawn hops.

Exit Check (5 mins)

  • Two prompts (oral or written): 7 + 5, 9 + 6. Ask: “What did you make to 10?”

Place-based options

  • Hamilton Zoo feed room: simulate packing 10-treat cups.
  • Local bush/Zealandia: pack 10-leaf bundles; bridge to 20 for two bundles.
Representations: tens frames for complements; number line for bridge hops; make-10 language emphasized before algorithmic practice.

Differentiation & Support

Scaffolds

  • Use a ten-frame overlay so learners can see the missing spaces.
  • Limit sums to 12; keep the first addend at 8–10.
  • Provide a “make-10” card with common complements.

Extensions

  • Bridge to 20: 17 + 6 → 17 + 3 + 3.
  • Choose the most efficient split and justify it.
  • Link to subtraction: 13 − 9 as “make 10 then add 3”.

Common Misconceptions

Assessment & Evidence

Whānau Connection

Handout Link

Use the Progression 1 generator with “Make 10 / 20,” range 0–20, 20–24 questions. Add a challenge print (range 10–30, mixed add) if needed.

Back to Number Sense Journey (Progression 1)