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๐ŸŒ Migration & Movement

Te Hekenga Tangata โ€” People on the Move

โœˆ๏ธ A World in Motion

Migration is the movement of people from one place to another. Humans have always migrated โ€” from the first humans leaving Africa to Polynesian voyagers crossing the Pacific to modern refugees and immigrants. Migration shapes our world.

โฌ…๏ธโžก๏ธ Push and Pull Factors

โฌ…๏ธ Push Factors (Make people LEAVE)
  • ๐Ÿ’ฃ War and conflict
  • ๐Ÿ“‰ Poverty and unemployment
  • ๐ŸŒช๏ธ Natural disasters
  • ๐Ÿ‘Ž Persecution and discrimination
  • ๐Ÿš๏ธ Lack of services (health, education)
  • ๐ŸŒก๏ธ Climate change

โžก๏ธ Pull Factors (Attract people TO)

  • ๐Ÿ’ผ Jobs and opportunities
  • ๐Ÿฅ Better services
  • โ˜ฎ๏ธ Safety and stability
  • ๐Ÿ‘จโ€๐Ÿ‘ฉโ€๐Ÿ‘ง Family reunification
  • ๐ŸŽ“ Education
  • ๐ŸŒด Climate and lifestyle

๐Ÿ“‹ Types of Migration

๐Ÿ  Internal

Within a country

๐ŸŒ International

Across borders

โœ… Voluntary

By choice

โ›“๏ธ Forced

No choice (refugees)

๐Ÿ“… Temporary

Short-term

๐Ÿก Permanent

Long-term/forever

๐Ÿ‡ณ๐Ÿ‡ฟ Migration to Aotearoa

Our Migration History

  • ๐Ÿ›ถ Mฤori โ€” Polynesian voyagers arrived 800+ years ago
  • ๐Ÿšข European โ€” From late 1700s, mainly British
  • โ›๏ธ Gold rush โ€” Chinese miners in 1860s
  • ๐ŸŒ Pacific โ€” Post-WWII, especially Samoa, Tonga, Fiji
  • โœˆ๏ธ Asian โ€” From 1980s, diverse origins
  • ๐Ÿƒ Refugees โ€” From many countries (quota ~1500/year)

Today, ~27% of NZ residents were born overseas!

๐Ÿ”„ Impacts of Migration

Both Challenges and Benefits

Benefits:

  • Cultural diversity and new ideas
  • Economic growth, skills, workers
  • Connection to other countries

Challenges:

  • Integration and belonging
  • Pressure on housing, services
  • Brain drain from origin countries

โœ๏ธ Activities

Activity: Family Migration Story

Interview a family member about migration in your family history:

  • Who moved? Where from and to?
  • What were the push and pull factors?
  • What challenges did they face?
  • How did it shape your family today?

My family's migration story:

๐Ÿ‘ฉโ€๐Ÿซ Teacher Notes

Curriculum Links

  • Social Studies: Identity, culture, place
  • Geography: Population, movement
  • History: NZ colonisation, immigration

Note: Be sensitive โ€” some students may have refugee backgrounds or family separation experiences.